Key life stages of two predatory ladybird species Coleoptera : Coccinellidae. Koch, R. The multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis : a review of its biology, uses in biological control, and non-target impacts.
Journal of Insect Science , 32 3 : Phenology and blacklight trapping of the multicolored Asian lady beetle Coleoptera : Coccinellidae in a Minnesota agricultural landscape. Journal of Entomological Science , Hutchinson, R. Venette, G. Susceptibility of immature monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae : Danainae , to predation by Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae.
Biological Control , 28 2 : LaMana, M. Temperature-dependent development in an Oregon population of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae. Environmental Entomology , Lombaert, E. Guillemaud, J. Comuet, T. Malausa, B. Facon, A. Bridgehead effect in the worldwide invasion of the biocontrol harlequin ladybird. Public Library of Science , 5: e Lundgren, J.
Physiological benefits of nectar feeding by a predatory beetle. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 3 : Majerus, M. Geoghegan, T. Adaptive preferential selection of young coccinellid hosts by the parasitoid wasp Dinocampus coccinellae Hymenoptera : Braconidae.
Majerus, T. Majerus, B. Knowles, J. Wheeler, D. Bertrand, V. Kuznetzov, H. Ueno, G. Extreme variation in the prevalence of inherited male-killing microorganisms between three populations of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae.
Heredity , Michaud, J. Development and reproduction of ladybeetles Coleoptera : Coccinellidae on the citrus aphids Aphis spiraecola Patch and Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy Homoptera : Aphididae. Biological Control , 18 3 : Nalepa, C. Kidd, K.
Biology of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae in winter aggregations. Annals of the Entomological Society of America , 89 5 : Infection of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae by Hesperomyces virescens Ascomycetes : Laboulbeniales : role of mating status and aggregation behavior. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , Naoya, O. Ecology of Harmonia axyridis in natural habitats within its native range. Obrycki, J. Predaceous Coccinellidae in biological control.
Annual Review of Entomology , Phenology of 3 coccinellid species Coleoptera : Coccinellidae Adalia bipunctata , Coccinella transversoguttata , Coccinella septempuncatata — thermal requirements for development. Annals of the Entomological Society of America , 74 1 : Okuda, T. Host discrimination in Dinocampus coccinellae Hymenoptera : Braconidae , a solitary parasitoid of coccinellid beetles. Applied Entomology and Zoology , Osawa, N. Population field studies of the aphidophagous ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae : life tables and key factor analysis.
Researches on Population Ecology , Population field studies on the aphidophagous ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae : resource tracking and population characteristics.
Population Ecology , 42 2 : Perry, J. Ladybird mothers mitigate offspring starvation risk by laying trophic eggs.
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , 58 6 : Pervez, O. Ecology and biological control application of multicoloured Asian ladybird, Harmonia axyridis : a review. Biocontrol Science and Technology , 16 2 : Riddick, E. Cottrell, K. Natural enemies of the Coccinellidae : parasites, pathogens, and parasitoids. Roehrich, C. Ngwa, J. Wiesner, H. Schmidtberg, T.
Degenkolb, C. Kollewe, R. Fischer, G. Pradel, A. Harmonine, a defence compound from the harlequin ladybird, inhibits mycobacterial growth and demonstrates multi-stage antimalarial activity. Biology Letters , 8 2 : Roy, H. Rothery, R. Ware, M. Interactions between the fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana and three species of coccinellid: Harmonia axyridis , Coccinella septempunctata and Adalia bipunctata.
Biocontrol , Ruan, C. Wen-Mei, W. Xiu-Mei, Z. Jun-Jie, Z. Effect of long-term cold storage on the fitness of pre-wintering Harmonia axyridis Pallas. Biocontrol , 57 1 : Saito, T. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , 99 3 : Sasaji, H.
Tokyo: Academic Press of Japan. Shapiro-Ilan, D. Susceptibility of lady beetles Coleoptera : Coccinellidae to entomopathogenic nematodes. Sloggett, J. Weighty matters: Body size, diet and specialization in aphidophagous ladybird beetles Coleoptera : Coccinellidae. Magro, F. Chemical ecology of Harmonia axyridis. Habitat preferences and diet in the predatory Coccinellidae Coleoptera : an evolutionary perspective. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 70 1 : Stathas, G. Eliopoulos, D.
Kontodimas, J. Parameters of reproductive activity in females of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera : Coccinellidae. Kontodimas, F. Karamaouna, S. Thermal requirements and effect of temperature and prey on the development of the predator Harmonia axyridis. Environmental Entomology , 40 6 : Turnock, W.
Wise, F. Abundance of some native coccinellines Coleoptera : Coccinellidae before and after the appearance of Coccinella septempunctata. Canadian Entomologist , 3 : Yasuda, H. Evan, Y. Kajita, K. Urakawa, T. Asymmetric larval interactions between introduced and indigenous ladybirds in North America.
To cite this page: Graves, D. Disclaimer: The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts.
While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control. Harmonia axyridis Facebook. Geographic Range Harmonia axyridis , the Asian lady beetle, is native to the Oriental region, found in China, ranging to the far south Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces , Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and parts of the Palearctic region, from northern Kazakhstan, and eastern Russia west to the Altai Mountains and north to Siberia.
Arnett, ; Banks, ; Gordon, ; Hagan, ; Hodek, ; Sasaji, Other Physical Features ectothermic heterothermic bilateral symmetry polymorphic poisonous Sexual Dimorphism sexes alike Range length 5 to 8 mm 0. Range eggs per season to There is virtually no parental investment in this species aside from females depositing nutrients in eggs.
El-Sebaey and El-Gantiry, ; Koch, ; LaMana and Miller, Range lifespan Status: wild 3 high years Typical lifespan Status: wild 30 to 90 days Behavior Harmonia axyridis is a solitary species, although they often congregate over winter to hibernate. Ethiopian living in sub-Saharan Africa south of 30 degrees north and Madagascar.
Nearctic living in the Nearctic biogeographic province, the northern part of the New World. Neotropical living in the southern part of the New World. In other words, Central and South America. Palearctic living in the northern part of the Old World. In other words, India and southeast Asia. Journal of Food Science, 70 2 :SS Parasitylenchus bifurcatus n. Tylenchida: Allantonematidae parasitizing Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera: Coccinellidae.
Parasites and Vectors, 5 : 1 October BioControl, Harmonia axyridis Pallas, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae new species of ladybird beetle for Polish fauna. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 76 3 Invasive alien predator causes rapid declines of native European ladybirds.
Diversity and Distributions, 18 7 Harmonia axyridis:A successful biocontrol agent or an invasive threat? In: Eilenberg J, Hokkanen H, eds. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Ecological Entomology, 40 4 Forgotten natural enemies: interactions between coccinellids and insect-parasitic fungi. Networking: a community approach to invaders and their parasites. Functional Ecology, 26 6 Can the enemy release hypothesis explain the success of invasive alien predators and parasitoids?
BioControl, 56 4 Living with the enemy: parasites and pathogens of the ladybird Harmonia axyridis. The effect of temperature and other factors on the expression of elytral pattern in lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Physiological changes related to diapause of the lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera: Coccinellidae. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 27 4 Seasonal prevalence and hibernating diapause behaviour in the lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis.
Sasaji H, Fauna Japonica, Coccinellidae Insecta:Coleoptera. Tokyo, Japan: Academic Press. Savoiskaya GI, The Far-Eastern ladybird against the apple aphid. Zashchita Rastenii, 15 6 The Asian ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, as biological control agents: I. Predacious behavior and feeding ability. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology, 39 2 Shi S-S, Occurrence of Harmonia axyridis var.
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 17 1 Smith B, Fisher D, Biosecurity risk - Asian lady beetle. Wine Industry Newsletter. Biodiversity loss following the introduction of exotic competitors: does intraguild predation explain the decline of native lady beetles?
Influence of ground cover on beneficial arthropods in pecan. Biological Control, 6 2 ; 52 ref. Effects of biorational pesticides on four coccinellid species Coleoptera: Coccinellidae having potential as biological control agents in interiorscapes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 3 Fitness of two phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera: Coccinellidae.
European Journal of Entomology, 98 3 Solano Y, Arcaya E, Entomotropica, 29 1 Stals R, Prinsloo G, Discovery of an alien invasive, predatory insect in South Africa: the multicoloured Asian ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas Coleoptera: Coccinellidae.
Lady beetles as potential predators of the root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus Coleoptera: Curculionidae in Florida citrus. Florida Entomologist, 85 3 Determination of supercooling temperature of Harmonia axyridis Pallas and its control over vegetable aphids in plastic covering. A preliminary study on the artificial diet of an aphidophagous coccinellid, Harmonia axyridis Palas , and its use to control strawberry aphids under plastic covering. Journal of Shanghai Agricultural College, Takahashi K, Intra- and inter-specific predation of lady beetles in spring alfalfa fields.
Japanese Journal of Entomology, 57 1 Effect of three species of predatory ladybirds on oviposition of aphid parasitoids. Entomological Science, 3 3 Inheritance of the elytral color patterns in the lady-bird beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas.
American Naturalist, Mosaic dominance in the inheritance of color patterns in the lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis. Genetics, Tanagishi K, Hibernation of the lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis. Insectarium, Release and establishment of Harmonia axyridis Coleoptera: Coccinellidae in the southeastern United States. Thalji R, Stojanovic D, First sighting of the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas Coleoptera, Coccinellidae in Serbia.
Biljni Lekar Plant Doctor , 36 6 Wang LY, Control of Matsucoccus massonianp Young et Hu Hom. Natural Enemies of Insects, 4 4 Mass rearing and utilization in biological control of the lady beetle Leis axyridis Palla [Harmonia axyridis]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 29 1 Seasonal cycles of assortative mating and reproductive behaviour in polymorphic populations of Harmonia axyridis in China.
Ecological Entomology, 34 4 Intraguild predation by the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis: 1. British and Japanese coccinellid eggs. Neobiota, Intraguild predation of immature stages of British and Japanese coccinellids by the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis. Population dynamics of three coccinellids in flue-cured tobacco and functional response of Hippodamia convergens Coleoptera: Coccinellidae feeding on tobacco aphids Homoptera: Aphididae. Environmental Entomology, 28 4 ; 25 ref.
Coccinellids in cotton:population response to pesticide application and feeding response to cotton aphids Homoptera:Aphididae. Wells PM, Intraguild predation by Harmonia axyridis: effects on native enemies and aphid suppression. PhD Thesis. Cambridge, UK: University of Cambridge.
Intraguild predation of non-coccinellid aphid natural enemies by Harmonia axyridis: prey range and factors influencing intraguild predation. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Invasive Species. New records of coccinellid species for the Province of Manitoba. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Manitoba, ; 13 ref.
In-field monitoring of beneficial insect populations in transgenic corn expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin. Journal of Entomological Science, 36 2 Wu QL, Investigation on the fluctuations of dominant natural enemy populations in different cotton habitats and integrated application with biological agents to control cotton pests. Natural Enemies of Insects, 8 1 The Bunge Prickly-Ash tree damaged by a mealybug, Phenacoccus azaleae attracting the ladybug, Harmonia axyridis. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 40 5 Study on the population dynamics of pests and natural enemies of capsicum in Qiubei.
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, 24 1 Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis caused by Harmonia axyridis Asian lady beetle, Japanese lady beetle, or lady bug. Relationships between attack and escape rates, cannibalism, and intraguild predation in larvae of two predatory ladybirds.
Journal of Insect Behavior, 14 3 ; 32 ref. Yasuda H, Ohnuma N, Effect of cannibalism and predation on the larval performance of two ladybird beetles. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 93 1 ; 32 ref. Yasuda H, Shinya Y, Entomophaga, Scientia Agraria, 9 4 Revista de Agricultura Piracicaba. Baltic Journal of Coleopterology. Map CABI, Undated a. American Naturalist. EPPO Global database. Natural Enemies of Insects Kunchong Tiandi.
Coleopterists Bulletin. Biocontrol News and Information. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica. Harmonia axyridis Pallas, , newly recorded invasive species for Albania. Entomological News. Neotropical Entomology. In: Journal of Insect Science, 3 Progress in Plant Protection. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology. Harmonia axyridis in Britain: update 8th November In: Onychium. Mogilevich T A, The first record of the alien ladybug Harmonia axyridis pall.
Russian Journal of Biological Invasions. Irish Naturalists' Journal. African Entomology. Protezione delle Colture. Check List. Savoiskaya G I, Zashchita Rastenii. South African Journal of Science. Arthropod diversity Arthropoda on abandoned apple trees. Evolution in biocontrol strains: insight from the harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis.
Evolutionary Applications. Biljni Lekar Plant Doctor. Occurrence of the harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae in Bulgaria. Wang L Y, Control of Matsucoccus massonianae Young et Hu Hom. Natural Enemies of Insects. Ecological Entomology. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Manitoba.
Wu Q L, Scientia Silvae Sinicae. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University. Scientia Agraria. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. Toggle navigation. Datasheet Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird. Don't need the entire report? Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need.
Generate report. Expand all sections Collapse all sections. The beetles are mm long and Title Adult Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; typical adult of f. Title Adult f. Title Similar species Caption Hippodamia convergens convergent ladybird ; adult for comparison with H.
Title Similar species Caption Coccinella septempunctata seven-spot ladybird ; adult, for comparison with H. Ahlen, Germany. April Title Copulation Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; adults of f. Title Ova Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; eggs are oval and ca. They are pale yellow when first laid, but progressively turn a darker yellow.
Title Larva Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; larva feeding on an aphid. Title Ecdysis Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; larval ecdysis. Title Pupa Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; pupae of H. Title Natural enemy Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; adult, attacked by Hesperomyces virescens, a Laboulbeniales parasitic fungi. Title Inter-species predation Caption Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; two larvae feeding on a Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot ladybird larva.
Summary of Invasiveness Top of page H. Notes on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Top of page H. Description Top of page Adults The adults are mm long and Eggs The eggs are approximately 1. Larvae The first-instar larvae are approximately 2 mm long and reach 7. Pupae The pupae are exposed and the exuvium of the fourth instar remains attached posteriorly to the pupa at the point of substrate attachment.
Distribution Top of page H. Distribution Table Top of page The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Campania -Sicily Present Menchetti et al. History of Introduction and Spread Top of page H. Risk of Introduction Top of page H. Habitat Top of page H.
Growth Stages Top of page Fruiting stage, Post-harvest. Physiology and Phenology H. Reproductive Biology H. Environmental Requirements The wide latitudinal and longitudinal range of H. Notes on Natural Enemies Top of page H. Accidental Introduction H. Intentional Introduction H. Orchards H. Domestic Nuisance The large aggregations of H.
Risk and Impact Factors Top of page Invasiveness Proved invasive outside its native range Has a broad native range Abundant in its native range Highly adaptable to different environments Is a habitat generalist Capable of securing and ingesting a wide range of food Highly mobile locally Benefits from human association i.
Uses Top of page H. Prevention and Control Top of page Due to the variable regulations around de registration of pesticides, your national list of registered pesticides or relevant authority should be consulted to determine which products are legally allowed for use in your country when considering chemical control.
Cultural Control Ensuring that fruit and cut flower imports are free from H. Mechanical Control The invasion of H. Chemical Control For persistent aggregations in buildings Koch and Hutchison suggested exteriorly applying an insecticide such as a synthetic pyrethroid. Biological Control H. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 71 2 Ejbich K, Entomological News, 5 Hosino Y, Zoolical Magazine, Hosino Y, Advances in Genetics, Kovach J, American Entomologist, Kuznetsov VN, BioControl, 44 3 Michaud JP, Biological Control, 18 3 Michaud JP, Florida Entomologist, 84 4 Michaud JP, Entomological News, 3 Michaud JP, Environmental Entomology, Michaud JP, Journal of Economic Entomology, 96 1 Nakata T, Entomophaga, 38 1 Osawa N, Genetics, Tanagishi K, Environmental Entomology, Wells PM, Compendium record.
Distribution Maps Top of page You can pan and zoom the map. Select a dataset I want to see the distribution of this species based on the records CABI believe are most reliable.
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Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. Ok Cancel. Top of page. Title Adult. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; adult. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; orange and red forms may be patterned with anything from 0 to 21 black spots f. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; black or melanic forms usually have two f. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; adults are highly polymorphic for both colour and pattern.
Title Similar species. Coccinella septempunctata seven-spot ladybird ; adult, for comparison with H. Title Copulation. Title Ova. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; eggs are oval and ca.
Title Larva. Title Ecdysis. Title Pupa. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; pupae of H. Title Natural enemy. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; adult, attacked by Hesperomyces virescens, a Laboulbeniales parasitic fungi. Title Inter-species predation. Harmonia axyridis harlequin ladybird ; two larvae feeding on a Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot ladybird larva.
EPPO Mogilevich EPPO Wang Su et al. Guo JianYing et al. Liu Jian et al. Sun XingQuan et al. Xie YingPing et al. Yang MinJuan et al. Ibrahimi et al. Spraying pesticide sprays indoors is not effective. Once lady beetles move into wall voids in the fall there is no way to prevent them from emerging later during winter or spring.
Change the bag frequently to prevent lady beetles from escaping and to minimize their smell. You may use a knee-high nylon stocking that has been inserted into the extension hose and secured with a rubber band. As you vacuum, the lady beetles are captured in the stocking. In the U. This beetle is an important predator of soybean aphids, a serious pest of soybeans in Minnesota and other Midwest states. In Asia, these insects fly to cliffs each fall where they live through the winter in large numbers.
When such areas are unavailable in the U. Lady beetles fly to buildings between late September and late October in Minnesota. This is the time when temperatures are above 65 F before the freezing temperatures set in. Mild, sunny winter days can wake these dormant insects. All lady beetles become active at different times, depending on how much warmth reaches their location.
Then they follow the warmth into the home's living quarters. Once there, they move towards windows and other sunny areas. During spring, they try to move outdoors but many remain trapped indoors. Multicolored Asian lady beetles do not reproduce indoors. All the lady beetles seen inside during winter and spring must have entered buildings the previous fall. All rights reserved. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer.
Quick facts The multicolored Asian lady beetle has become a nuisance in Minnesota. They cluster around buildings in large numbers during fall in search of protected sites for the winter Control measures should only be used to prevent entry of Asian lady beetles indoors. Multicolored Asian lady beetle and other lady beetle species feed on aphids and other soft-bodied insects that can damage plants in agricultural crops, gardens and landscapes. These are beneficial insects to farmers and gardeners.
Asian lady beetle as a household pest Multicolored Asian lady beetles can be a nuisance when they occur in large numbers inside homes. They do not infest wood, destroy fabrics, eat food or damage other property. These lady beetles cannot sting and do not carry disease.
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