Our bodies are magnificent machines. One of the ways they demonstrate this is by taking repetitive motions and actions and reducing the resources needed to perform them. For instance, when a baby is learning to walk, each step is planned and performed. But after a relatively short period of time, they are running without giving it a thought - they just run and run and run and run Our brains do the same thing. The world is full of information that continually enters our senses.
In order to speed up processing time and reduce the energy needed to perform those functions, it operates largely on what is expected and not necessarily on what is actually there.
And that is what Perception Set Theory gets into - how the brain "perceives" - or as the below link describes it - "Perceptual set theory stresses the idea of perception as an active process involving selection, inference and interpretation. For instance, have you ever seen this:. Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae.
A person using depth cues will extract a different meaning from a picture than a person not using such cues. Hudson tested pictorial depth perception by showing participants a picture like the one below. A correct interpretation is that the hunter is trying to spear the antelope, which is nearer to him than the elephant. An incorrect interpretation is that the elephant is nearer and about to be speared.
The picture contains two depth cues: overlapping objects and known size of objects. Questions were asked in the participants native language such as:.
The results indicted that both children and adults found it difficult to perceive depth in the pictures. The cross-cultural studies seem to indicate that history and culture play an important part in how we perceive our environment. Perceptual set is concerned with the active nature of perceptual processes and clearly there may be a difference cross-culturally in the kinds of factors that affect perceptual set and the nature of the effect.
Allport, F. Theories of perception and the concept of structure. New York: Wiley. Bruner, J. Perceptual identification and perceptual organisation, Journal of General Psychology Bugelski, B. The role of frequency in developing perceptual sets.
Canadian Journal of Psychology , 15, Deregowski, J. Pictorial recognition in a remote Ethiopian population. Perception , 1, Gilchrist, J. Need and perceptual change in need-related objects. Journal of Experimental Psychology , Vol 44 6.
Hudson, W. Perceptual Set Perceptual set describes a tendency to perceive some sensory stimuli and to ignore others. Add flashcard Cite Random. Word of the Day Get the word of the day delivered to your inbox.
0コメント