The galactic year, also known as a cosmic year, is the duration of time required for the Solar System to orbit once around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. The galactic year provides a conveniently usable unit for depicting cosmic and geological time periods together. By contrast, a "billion-year" scale does not allow for useful discrimination between geologic events, and a "million-year" scale requires some rather large numbers.
Dear Jas Ji. I respect Sadhguru ji but I totally deny with his calculations. If its said that Kaliyuga began in BC and post years it now transformed to an ascending Dwapar Yuga then its totally wrong. Because in these years, there were the incarnations of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu who many say is the Supreme Himself and also the incarnation of Gautam Buddha. Do you think there existed more vice about years back which marked the end of Kali Yuga, than today?
So how come are we in Dwapara Yuga today? Bhagavatam mentions a catastrophe at the end of Kali Yuga with the incarnation of Sri Kalki ji. Where did you find all of this happening in last millenium? So I still believe we are very much into Kali Yuga and we have close to about 4,27, years still to go. And people don't credit it even!!!!! I am neither supporting Sadhguru's claim nor yours in my comment.
So not sure why you felt I am supporting someone blindly. If you intend not to reply, why did you reply? I agree with Joshua. There is something wrong with the blog post. There is a mix up between the time taken for the precession of the axis on the one hand and the time taken for the rotation of our solar system around the center of our milky way galaxy.
The first one, as agreed on by scientists also, takes 25, years. However the second one takes to million years and that is ,, years to ,, years. There is a big difference between the time scale of the former and the latter. I'm not sure Space is big? I'm lost just thinking about it. I'm sure there is light that hasn't even hit us yet. If we only go by what we see then we're always trying to conclude from an incomplete picture.
I'm sure we'll all pass from our bodies before reaching the final conclusion. I don't know if I want to stick around that long, LOL! I am sorry but i am diciple of none but the follower of the truth.. Respect to Sadhguru Ji and Yukteshwar Giri ji whose calculations have inspired these new calculations. However none of this is actually true. The evolution of Kali Yuga is still yet to come and I believe going by the scriptures years are still pending for Kali Yuga to end.
So what someone on this blog commented that the human form came into existence about 28 Lac years actually supports this points. So why do we assume that during Vishnu's first 3 avatars humans existed? Add 6 lac more years and that's where LOrd Narsimha must have come and the claims of human form starting to develop about 2.
So lets not believe everything whatever Sadhguru says, even though I respect a self realized soul lIke him. It's fully contradicts the theory of shri Yukteshwar giriji, the calculations are wrong. It does not Matches with Yukteswar giri Calculations stated in holy science book from For better understanding do refer the holy science, because it distorts the theory of kriya yogi mahaavtar babaji who is the highest order of the yogis.
Well friend your question is a good one! You asked how the transformation happen. Thank You. Well if some one tells you that don't use your own senses ear, nose, eye, skin, mind , because I'm using for you and will tell you. Consider than you are not spiritually active.
Spirituallity is to set you free and not to bound. TRUTH is not taken from anywhere. TRUTH simply exists It simply IS. If you go to Yukteshwar Giriji, he won't ask for the credit. It is just your affection for Yukteshwar Giriji that you feel like he has not been given the credit. How do you know its true when you make the above statement?
Why should what Yukteshwar giri said be considered true if we dont consider what Sadhguru says is true? Basically what is said in this post wont make any difference to us, whether it was copied from somewhere or if it was original and whether it is true or false Its just a piece of interesting information, we can choose to enjoy and leave it there Well this is SO wrong please give authorized reference of what is written in this post. Some person's personal view can not be published like this or given the name of Truth.
Otherwise read text 8. The duration of the material universe is limited. It is manifested in cycles of kalpas. The cycle of Satya is characterized by virtue, wisdom and religion, there being practically no ignorance and vice, and the yuga lasts 1,, years. And finally in Kali-yuga the yuga we have now been experiencing over the past 5, years there is an abundance of strife, ignorance, irreligion and vice, true virtue being practically nonexistent, and this yuga lasts , years.
In Kali-yuga vice increases to such a point that at the termination of the yuga the Supreme Lord Himself appears as the Kalki avatara, vanquishes the demons, saves His devotees, and commences another Satya-yuga. Then the process is set rolling again. These "hundred years" by earth calculations total to trillion and 40 million earth years.
There is In Bhagavata Puranam Which is one of the ashtadasa 18 puranas written by sage Vyasa , 3rd skanda, it is very well described about the Time and its nature. Here, the sage discusses about the expanse of kaala time. He says, every being has life span of years So, the life span of Devas is years. Similarly, Dwapara Yuga and Kali Yuga consists of and deva years. Vyasa also tells about time spans in the range of maha yugas, manvantaras and kalpas You will get a clear picture about the different lokas involved and the ages of the celestial beings.
In modern times, in the movie interstellar, the same concept is taken where-in with distance the age changes and which takes into account the theory of relativity which infact was described in Bhagavatm long long long time before I intend not to reply to people who follow someone blindly and are not motivated by themselves in their spiritual pursuits!!! I stand by what I have said and its copied! There is a bit of problem with motion of solar system around the larger star, as mentioned it takes 25, years to complete one cycle around the big star.
It is also seen in the picture that Sat Yug being the closest to the star, but one Sat Yug takes years to complete, therefore 2 Sat Yugs take 10, years.
All say that Kaliyug is the last yug and everything will go off, and no one will exist. All say that God has created this universe. If such is the case, why should God create this universe? He should have remained silent and lived his life happily. Is he going to play with the people on this earth with a permanent death?
According to me, there is no such division as Yugs. This universe has no end. According to the Panchangam published - This universe has seen crores 41 lakhs days as on today. And as of now we have completed only 18 lakhs days of Kaliyug. Hence, We have many thousand crores of years to get out from Kaliyug. No life without Sun. If the traditional wisdom is to be believed, the Universe will still be there after Kaliyug also. It is that after each Yug there is a 'Yugaantha Pralayam"- Devastaing floods or Tsunami or whatever it be.
Only a small fraction will stay intact. The Earth will undergo changes in that land may become sea and sea may change to land. With whatever remaining new creations will start. New Yuga start. Why were they created? The Saptarshis are immortal beings, fully aware of the divine laws of the universe, and are the repository of all Vedic knowledge and are regarded as the composers of the Vedic hymns.
Hence they are the patriarchs of all living entities and all Vedic wisdom. They were created by Brahma for the purpose of providing guidance to all souls by instructing them in dharma and the Vedas for achieving liberation. It is for this reason that they incarnate on the material plane during the "transitional period" between the yugas to formulate the laws, philosophies, systems, and structures which are appropriate for the new yuga.
What is their lineage? A number of Vedic texts enumerate the names of the Saptarshis, although there is a slight variation between them. Since the Saptarshis were the first beings of light created by Brahma, they do not belong to any lineage as such. However, they have given rise to multiple lineages. Every Hindu traces his ancestral lineage to one of the Seven Sages via his "gotra" i.
So, if you ask a Hindu his "gotra" he will mention the name of one of the Saptarshis. What is the difference between the Gregorian Calendar and the Saptarshi Calendar?
They are used for different purposes. The Gregorian Calendar is a Solar Calendar used for tracking the days of the week, months and years. The Saptarshi Calendar is based on the years cycle of the Saptarshis, as they move through the 27 nakshatras. This year cycle, which is called a Saptarshi Yuga, corresponds to the duration of each yuga in the yuga cycle. Hence, it was used for tracking large cycles of time, the lowest denominator being a year.
Beginning of each yuga or atleast it's transitional period is marked by the death of a Vishnu Avatar. Rama's death started the dwapara yuga. Krishna's death started the kali yuga. And they have been the most prominent Avatars of Vishnu. Is it possible that the Kalki Avatar will become the next most prominent avatar by appearing at the end of this ascending kali yuga?
Also Gautam Buddha,believed to be the 9th avatar of Vishnu,appeared at the beginning of the present kali yuga. Hi Sidhant, Good observation. I agree with you. The end of the Kali Yuga, specifically the transitional period, should be marked by the appearance of the Kalki avatar.
However, since this is the Kali Yuga, I tend to believe that Kalki shall not be a mortal, but will instead manifest in the form of a celestial object, possibly a comet. Why do you think He will be in the form of a comet,sir? Doesn't the Kalki purana specify the name of His parents,birthplace,horse,pet parrot,weapon and for how many years He is going to rule. Also how can a comet wipe out a part of the human civillisation? Lord of the world! Appearing like a comet discharging arrows, brandishing his sword, he cuts down the barbarian host in a mighty conflict 'til all are laid low.
Hail Kalki avatara! Cause of the world. You appear like a comet and carry a terrifying sword for bringing about the annihilation of the wicked barbarian men at the end of the Kali-yuga. They may be physically describing the manner in which Kalki will appear.
A comet, with its two tails, very closely resembles the image of a person on horseback holding a raised up sword. A comet can get gravitationally disrupted on close approach to the earth, resulting in a rain of meteor fragments which can cause great devastation.
Many of the past cataclysms on the earth, including some of the previous mass extinction events, the end of the ice age etc. Kalki is also supposed to come from Shambhala. In Hindu-Buddhist lore Shambhala is an invisible, ideal kingdom located somewhere in the cosmos, populated by superhumans.
It has nothing to do with the earth. The names etc. All our gods and goddesses also have names, parents, weapons etc. Besides, a mortal born on earth in the Kali Yuga will simply not have the spiritual and physical powers required to bring about the end of the yuga, and usher in the era of enlightenment. This is a very long topic, and I just mentioned the important points briefly.
Someday I may write an article on this. Namsaste Punyatama.. From the same parva few snipnet's for you.. This is the age of darkness kali yuga-- shara shari years max.. Just not possible. Eg:: I will quote manu in my next snip-- During the period of Rama's sway, all men were whole and all men attained the fruition of their wishes. The very women did not quarrel with one another, what need then be said of the men?
During his rule his subjects were always devoted to virtue. Contented, crowned with fruition in respect of all the objects of their desire, fearless, free, and wedded to the vow of truth, were all the people when Rama governed the kingdom.
The trees always bore flowers and fruit and were subject to no accidents. Every cow yielded milk filling a drona to the brim. Having dwelt, in the observance of severe penances, Rama performed ten Horse-sacrifices Ashwa Medham should not be considered as Killing Horse - I hope you understand This of great splendour 1 and to them the freest access was given to all. Possessed of youth, of a dark complexion, with red eyes, he looked like the leader of an elephantine herd.
With aims stretching down to his knees and of handsome face, his shoulders were like those of a lion and the might of his arms great. Ascending upon the throne of Ayodhya, he ruled for "Ten thousand and ten hundred years" Yuvanaswa, the finger of Indra, placed in his mouth, began to yield a jet of milk. Sucking Indra's finger, he grew up into a stout youth in a hundred days, In twelve days he looked like one of twelve years " In kali age i would be considered as deformaty Gaya also, the son of Amurtarayas, fell a prey to death.
For a hundred years, that king subsisted upon the remains of sacrificial food. Pleased with such devotion Agni desired to give him boons. The boons solicited by Gaya were, 'Let and on every fourth month, for a thousand years, Gaya repeatedly performed the Horse-sacrifice Ashwa Medham should not be considered as Killing Horse - I hope you understand This.
Rising at the completion of every sacrifice he gave away a hundred thousand kine and hundreds of mules unto the Brahmanas during this period Note the point Thousan years Of the splendour of gold, that child shall have a thousand years.
Of great prowess, he ascended the throne of his father after the latter had repaired to heaven, and ruled for a period of one thousand and one hundred years. He worshippedthe gods in many great sacrifices characterised by profuse presents. Possessed of great splendour, he gratified the gods and the Pitris.
Hi, In the Dwapara Yuga, Lord Krishna had lived for a little more than a years, some say years. Balarama, and the five Pandava brothers were also of nearly the same age as Krishna, and had therefore lived for nearly years.
If the average age of people at the end of the Dwapara Yuga was years, then it could not have been very much more at the end of the Treta Yuga when Rama had lived. If you use the ratio, then the average age at the end of the Treta would be approx. Besides, as per the genealogy of the kings given in the Puranas, there were approx.
If we assume that the average period of rule in the Dwapara Yuga was years, then the duration of the Dwapara was close to years. This implies that the duration of the Treta Yuga was also of years assuming equal duration of the yugas ; or if we apply the rule which is incorrect, as I have pointed out in the article , the duration of the Treta would be close years.
Rama, who had lived towards the end of the Treta Yuga would have lived for only a fraction of that period. Hence, the 10, years or thousand years mentioned in various texts are imaginary, inflated numbers,which were added when the original information was forgotten. However, I do believe that people in previous yugas lived for longer durations of time. In my opinion the average life periods were years Satya , years Treta , years Dwapara and years Kali.
For the Kali we can see that the average age is indeed close to years, and for the Dwapara it may have been close to years, since Krishna, Balaram and the Pandava brothers lived for nearly years at the close of the Dwapara Yuga. I also believe that since the durations of the lifespans follow the ratio, this was later applied to the yuga durations.
However, the yuga cycle was entirely based on the cycle of the Saptarshis. This is clearly indicated by the historical, archaeological and calendrical information.
The Laws of Manu clearly specifies that the duration of lifespans is years in the Satya Yuga and decreases by a hundred years in each successive yuga. Here are the relevant verses from Chapter 1: In the Krita age Dharma is four-footed and entire, and so is Truth; nor does any gain accrue to men by unrighteousness.
In the other three ages , by reason of unjust gains agama , Dharma is deprived successively of one foot, and through the prevalence of theft, falsehood, and fraud the merit gained by men is diminished by one fourth in each. Men are free from disease, accomplish all their aims, and live four hundred years in the Krita age, but in the Treta and in each of the succeeding ages their life is lessened by one quarter.
If the descending Satya yuga started in BC,who ruled the earth before that? Also,how do we bring dinosaurs into the picture who lived approximately milllion years ago i.
Can your yuga cycle theory be applied to the time when dinosaurs ruled earth? Hi, Regarding the dinosaurs,I suggest that you the read the following two articles on my blog: 1.
I believe they will clarify your doubts regarding the applicability of the yuga cycle theory to extended periods of time.
Regarding the period prior to BC, we have very little information, either from archaeological sources, or from the ancient texts. Although the ancient texts do talk of some events that took place before the descending yuga cycle, it is difficult to determine the exact timeframe in which those events took place.
Dear Bibbu Dev Misra, I for one can't wait long for Dwapara Yuga or Krita yuga or whatever yuga that may come, any one of them is better than Kali Yuga; you are saying I have to wait 12 more years? Whether it is Kalki Deva or Vera Bramhendra or whoever good will come by that time, would have been born by now, right, so where is this person, it would be an honor to meet such person, and I am not sure if I would meet their standards though.
What is the purpose of life? Why is this world created this way, one life lives on another, we are at the top of the food chain? How can we connect to the super consciousness? Can this happen in Kali Yuga? Hi, If we use the Saptarshi Calendar as the basis of the yuga cycle, it means that after we will enter into a "transitional period" of years, before the next Yuga is fully manifested. This transitional period should be characterized by social, economic, environmental and cosmic changes - resulting in a complete collapse of the Kali Yuga structures, and the emergence of a new way of life.
But the entire process will take time. The transitional period should also be characterized by the appearance of the Kalki Avatar. However, one cannot say exactly when Kalki will appear and in what form. If you read one of my earlier comments on June 2, I have mentioned that I believe that Kalki avatar shall appear in the form of a comet. There is a fair bit of evidence from the ancient texts to arrive at such a hypothesis.
According to the ancient traditions, the purpose of life is to become "god on earth", through many cycles of birth and death. We become gods when we achieve self-realization - by connecting to the Inner Source, and letting the Inner divinity shine through us. This can happen in any yuga. Lord Buddha himself achieved enlightenment in the Kali Yuga. Well if it is going to take years, before next better yuga comes along, what we have is something I will have to live with, the alternative is not good.
If the purpose of life is to become a god, then how many can achieve that, what about the rest who cannot. Why is this world created this way, one life feeds another life, i.
Why would God create this way? The universe will continue until every soul finds its way back to the Creator. There will be no-one left behind. On our planet,carnivorous animals represent a tiny fraction of all living organisms.
Most of all life forms is in the form of unicellular organisms - bacteria, fungi, algae etc. Amongst the visible life forms, plants are the most numerous, followed by herbivores. Carnivores, feeding on other animals, are an exception, and not representative of the cycle of life on earth. God gives all of us appropriate bodies with which we can work out our karma.
Hence, carnivores get bodies which are necessary for them at that particular stage in their evolution. In my understanding of The Sacred Science of Sri Yukteswar as enlightened to him by Sri Babaji Haidakhan, the Kali Yuga is complete and ended around the mid 's that also coincides with the Age of Elctricity and Magentism so that we are now - years since the mid 's - close to entering the Dwarpara Yuga. Previous calculations, due to the inability of mankind to understand the Yugas during the Kali Yuga we off - as you quite rightly have stated.
What is your understanding? Regards, Jaishankar. As I have pointed out in my article, both assumptions are incorrect. The BC date has no basis in astronomy, and the ratio for the yuga durations a highly unnatural arithmetic sequence not found in any other culture was highly disputed, with many ancient astronomers believing in yugas of equal duration.
Yukteswar's yuga cycle timeline, therefore, is not supported by historical, archaeological or calendrical information. His date for the start date of the Kali Yuga i. The time period around AD was by no means the darkest period of the yuga cycle.
In fact this was the time of the "Golden Guptas" in India, with enormous progress in various arts and sciences. Yukteswar also said that the ascending Kali Yuga ended in CE, and the full manifestation of the ascending Dwapara started in CE, after a year period of transition. The ancient texts, especially the Mahabharata, describes the Dwapara as a time when people were not only highly virtuous as compared to the Kali Yuga , but they also had tremendous mental capabilities, which enabled them to astral travel, harness the forces of nature by uttering mantras, fly through the air etc.
None of these mental capabilities are prevalent in today's world. From the standpoint of human virtue we have actually gone downhill since CE. Given the darkness and ignorance that pervades the world right now, it would be very difficult to persuade anyone to believe that we are in any other yuga than the Kali Yuga. On the other hand if we use the Saptarshi Calendar, with its year cycle, as the basis of the yuga cycle it shows a very strong correlation to the archaeological, historical and calendrical information.
It is a valid calendar used in India for thousands of years, and the Saptarshi's are universally regarded as the enlightened rishis who appear at the beginning of a yuga to promulgate the rules of civilization.
In that respect, it can be readily tied to the yuga cycle. Many people during the Kali Yuga have followed the information in the Puranas, and other ancient texts and oral traditions, and come to different conclusions regarding the yuga cycle.
It would be a mistake to raise any of them to the status of infallibility. The Buddha himself said that everything taught by him should be accepted only if it accords to reason. The same yardstick should be applied to all saintly or scholarly persons. Otherwise, we will develop a narrow, cultic mentality which will retard the search for truth, and give precedence to blind faith over reason, evidence and logic. It is understandable that each end of an age on the descending arch will end with a cataclysm or eradication of knowledge, spirituality and civilisation since a rapid decline is on its way.
On the other hand it doesnt make sense on an ascending age arch since during this time knowledge and rapid ascent is built up, instead great breakthroughs or insights or revealing historical and scientific discoveries would be more expected. It was a long long time since the previous ascending arch was due so no one could possibly have any insights into what is going to happen especially if this is the first step on the ascending arch that is to come.
Thanks Camille. Hi Camille, Good points. Yes, its true that the transitions in the ascending cycle may not be the same as in the descending cycle. As you mentioned, the previous ascending cycle was a long time back, and we do not have any memories of what happened in that cycle. Someone else had asked me this question earlier and what I believe is that in the ascending phase every transition should be accompanied by a sudden jump in consciousness, accompanied by higher knowledge and insights.
However, what I also think is that this change in consciousness will be brought about by an influx of new energy, from certain cosmic sources.
This may bring about changes in our physical, cranial and DNA structures. Our planet too, may have to "readjust" itself to this new energy, resulting in environmental calamities, and civilization collapses. The upcoming transition is from the dark, material age of Kali to the spiritual age of the Dwapara. This is equivalent to going from from darkness to dawn or from winter to spring in the smaller cycles.
The magnitude of change that is coming is enormous. It is almost unbelievable as per the current paradigm. Therefore,I do expect both physical earth changes, as well as rapid consciousness changes, in the coming period of transition. Regarding the transitions after that - from the Dwapara to the Treta, and from the Treta to the Satya - the transitions may not be all that disruptive.
However, we will be far better placed to answer those questions once we are in the Dwapara, and have access to higher mental faculties and wisdom. For the time being, we do not have adequate knowledge, nor is it very necessary, to speculate on the nature of those future transitions. Radhe Radhe Article is thought provoking, but it lacks one basic element - either you follow Vedic text to suggest something conclusive or completely ignore it giving modern views.
Hybrid introspection can be a good read but not conclusive. Hello, Thanks for your feedback. In my perspective, the hybrid approach is the best way to find the answers. There is nothing called a "pure Vedic text" anymore. Most of the Sanskrit texts were written down between the 1st - 10th centuries AD, and they contain many interpolations i. This is agreed upon by most scholars.
In addition, a considerable amount of information has been lost. For instance, the original Vedas had 1, branches of which only 7 or 8 are now remembered. The yuga cycle timelines that are given in the link you have specified have been mentioned in many of the Puranas.
I have given a detailed argument in the article stating why those numbers are incorrect. Perhaps you can refer to the article for my opinion on this matter. Given the current state of affairs, we need to take a cross-cultural look since the Vedic wisdom was once dispersed throughout the world , and we also need to take the helpof history, archaeology, astronomy,and other modern disciplines to find the answers to these questions.
I am not claiming that my interpretation is the correct one, or that everyone needs to be convinced of it. However, it is a potential solution, and it has many factors in its favour, especially from the historical, archaeological and calendrical perspectives.
Indepth record on the Kali Yuga puranas and especially on the "twilight of the Kali Yuga" started in when the 1st atomic bomb was detonated when the knowledge of the gods is "stolen" splitting the atom and genetic egineering and the effects thereoff. Thanks for suggesting the book. I was not aware that Alain Danielou has also written on the yuga cycles. It sounds interesting, and I shall try to take a look.
I have one doubt. In Satya Yuga there was no hatred, or vanity, or evil thought whatsoever; no sorrow. Thanks for your positive feedback. Regarding your question, my feeling is that Hiranyakashipu may have lived towards the end of the Satya yuga.
The end of a yuga is always characterized by a sudden loss of morality and powers of judgement. Hiranyakashipu was himself a great asura, who had performed severe penances to please Brahma. Therefore, for him to behave in such an absurd manner shows a loss of mental capabilities triggered by an inflated ego. Similar events also took place at the end of the Treta when Ravana, who was otherwise a highly accomplished person, behaved irrationally under the influence of a bloated ego, and at the end of the Dwapara when Duryodhana behaved likewise.
In addition, Vishnu always appears in the form of an Avatar towards the close of a yuga. As we know, he is prophesized to appear as Kalki at the end of the Kali Yuga. An excellent article, with well researched and well presented arguments. It has given me much food for thought. Thank you. And in support of that we search numerous things and give them as proofs and presents a lot of controversial things from nowhere.
You had written that is erroneous, How can it be possible? You had written that Aryabhatta believed that all yugas are of equal duration, I suggest you that please read original aryabhatiya in sanskrit written by him.
He had nowhere written yugs are of equal duration. Please don't interpret directly from English translations which have been modified under colonial rule as you had described Kalki as comet.
Also in one older translation in english in of Clarke, he has also mentioned that there is no indication of yugas of equal duration as hypothesized by Brahmagupta. You had written about the age of aryabhatta is of 23 yrs old while writing in aryabhatiya. If a person is writing a text like aryabhatiya it is supposed to be grammatically correct. It may be possible that people in colonial rule had modified the original sanskrit in Aryabhatiya.
I have a document which can explain you in detail how this is incorrect. Adi shankara is said to be born in modern history in CE, as he has referred Dharamkirti in his texts which in turn is also referenced by a chinese traveller.
But there can be two dharamkirtis and huen Tsang belong to a much later date. The above 4,32, years duration of kali yug is too old. Although I am also curious to know about the age of kaliyug that's why i am seeing your blog. It is true that Yukteshwar Giri's dates have no references of 24, years that how he derived these dates and according to his calculations actually dwapara is the present age.
In this your statement is right in your article. I have downloaded Holy science and after seeing it properly, I can know his basis in more detail but personally 24, yrs according to me is not known anywhere else. The dates and the thinking proposed by Tilak in the Arctic home of the Vedas has no firm ground.
How did he deduce it? It is futile to give his reference. It seems that he is indirectly supporting Aryan Invasion theory as proposed by Max Mueller. You had written the mahabharat war to be BCE. But accorfing Dr. Aryabhatta, Paulisa and other astronomers of his time believed in yugas of equal duration as specified in "Alberuni's India". I have clearly mentioned this in the article. Yugas of equal duration of years can also be found in Zoroastrian accounts of the world ages.
Evidently, this was later applied to the yuga cycle, and incorporated in most texts. The argument for a BCE date for Aryabhatta is very flimsy, as I have mentioned in an earlier comment, and not backed by any written document. However, there is a valid argument for Shankaracharya being born in the 5th century BCE. This is a controversial topic, with strong arguments on both sides, and I dont have any specific opinion on the matter as of now. However, this has no bearing on the Yuga Cycle dates I have proposed here.
In addition, the yuga cycle sequence reverses itself as per the traditions of the Jains and the Greeks. This can be intuitively understood since all cycles of time move in ascending and descending cycles.
This leads to a year Yuga Cycle period, as stated by Yukteswar, which is closely aligned to the Precessional Year. Tilak was one of the most reknowned Sanskrit scholars of the past century. His opinion carries a lot of weight. If you disregard him, it makes little difference to anyone. I have given two probable dates for the Mahabharata - BC i. There have been many attempts to date the Bharata war using astronomical alignments, with dates ranging from BC - BC.
Balakrishna's dating is incorrect as pointed out by other scholars, since neither of the two eclipses he mentions could be seen from Kurukshetra. Besides, any dating attempt using eclipse data alone, is not going to give correct results, due to the uncertainties involved, the Delta T problem etc. Many scholars including Balakrishna, Achar etc.
They should be looking at least till BCE. However,I am not a great fan of determining past dates using astronomical software because of the uncertainities involved in the calculations. Besides,one can cherry pick data points, interpret them to one's own convenience, and thereby validate any date of one's liking. I have used archaeological, geological and calendrical evidence is support of the Yuga Cycle timeline I have proposed here, which is much more scientific, authentic and verifiable.
Dear Sir, This article is excellent. May I ask you a question: is there any information in the scriptures about earth gravity changes through the Yugas, since we know there were times when gigantism prevailed?
Also, as the gravity is related to the Earth diameter, can we assume the fact that the size of the Earth varies through Yugas? Hello, Interesting points. Why did kalyug started? What did Krishna say about kaliyuga?
Why is kalyug bad? Where does kalyug resides? Are we living in kalyug? Is kalyug going to end? Will Earth be destroyed after kalyug?
Where is Lord Shiva in Kaliyuga? Will Kalki kill everyone? Who Will Kalki destroy? Is Muhammad Kalki Avatar? Who will kill Kalki? How Kalki will kill Kali? Will Kalki kill Ashwathama?
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